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Audi A8, jacket from Versace and... noutbuk on Intel Centrino

author: The novel Of kosyachkov
it is published in the journal "special issue Of komp'yuterry" №e of 09 June, 2003,

Bluetooth- module can be build it on the system pay of noutbuka. In this case of no additional devices it is required. It also can be executed in the form of additional peripheral device with interface USB. And finally it is possible to acquire Bluetooth- module on the map of size PCMCIA.

Well and Wi- fie will make it possible to be connected easily by its noutbukom to the corporate network through the special point of access at the distances to 100 it is meter.
Other interfaces: COM - sequential port, is intended for the connection of manipulators mouse, external modems and other devices with the sequential interface. LPT - parallel port. Is intended for the connection of printers, scanners and the like ps/2 - the port of external keyboard or mouse. VGA - port for the connection of external monitor. Modem - nest for the connection of telephone line to the built-in modem. LAN - nest for the connection of a cable of the type soaring the pair of network Ethernet to the built-in net map of noutbuka.

Let us be dismantled with equipment

processors. Office noutbuk must be powerful, and, without any compromises. But the productivity of mobile computer depends, first of all, on its processor, system chipseta, videopodsistemy and winchester. Fortunately, contemporary technologies make it possible to satisfy the very high demands and of serious functional limitations on noutbuki in comparison with the table computers they do not superimpose.

Probably, the best version for office nouta - represented by company Intel this spring new mobile platform Centrino, which includes processor Pentium M, the family of chipsetov Intel 855 and the wireless adapters of family Intel Pro/Wireless 2100. Its appearance can be considered one of the most essential innovations after lately. The fact is that corporation Intel for the first time designed new processor immediately taking into account the applications critical to the energy consumption, but it did not begin to alter processor for the table applications into the mobile. Noutbuk on the processor to platform Centrino will be able to work from batteries 5-8 it is hour with the usual load, against 2-3 it is hour, typical for today's systems. But still more important proved to be the fact that in many applications processor Pentium M with the work at the clock frequency of 1,6 GHz on its productivity was compared with the the 2,shch-gigagertsovym Pentium 4!

Not bad basis for the "substitutes of desktopov" - the mobile processors Pentium 4 on nucleus Northwood, which adapt fairly often. In Pentium 4 (and in Pentium III- m, about which - it is below) is used the new technology Enhanced SpeedStep, which in contrast to SpeedStep, with the work of noutbuka from the batteries makes it possible to change the frequency of processor dynamically. Enhanced SpeedStep Has two regimes: highly productive regime and energy-saving, that are characterized by frequency and voltage of supply of nucleus. In the highly productive regime the processor works at the nominal frequency and the normal stress, and they are reduced upon transfer into the energy-saving. Application Enhanced SpeedStep in certain cases increases the life of noutbuka from the batteries almost one and a half times. True, in practice the energy consumption of the mobile Pentium 4 nevertheless somewhat more than in other mobile processors Intel. But in our case this is noncritical. Is released also mobile Celeron on nucleus Northwood with frequencies of from 1,4 GHz. It is made on the technology 0,13 m and they possess the cache of the second level by volume 256 kbyte. As in the case of processor Celeron at nucleus Tualatin it do not support technology.

Are up to now in usual noutbukakh most common processors Pentium III- m and Celeron on nucleus Tualatin with a clock frequency of up to 1,2 GHz. At their basis they have identical nucleus, but they are characterized by the volume of the cache: 512 and 256 kilos-byte respectively. Celeron, as budgetary processor, does not support technology Intel SpeedStep. Besides the base, there are even more special versions of processors on nucleus Tualatin, executed on specification Ultra Low Voltage. Their energy consumption is noticeably less than in usual mobile Pentium III- m and Celeron, but these processors are noticeably more expensive. They are already rather bad for office noutbuka and to acquire nouty on their basis is undesirable.

Processors of company AMD for the mobile systems form three families: Athlon XP, Duron and Athlon 4, of which most contemporary - the first. Processors Athlon XP are executed on the technology 0.13 m and on the energy consumption are compared with the usual mobile 0,13- m pentium III- m (Tualatin). True, until they suffice to the parameters, ensured by versions Ultra Low Voltage. For the the noutbukov-"zameniteley of table systems" AMD are supplied also special processors with form factor SFF (Small Form Factor). Their energy consumption somewhat higher than the mobile versions Athlon XP; however, the support of automatic control of frequency of processor makes it possible to carry them not to the table, but to the mobile processors.

A company Transmeta Corporation lets out the entire family of processors Crusoe. Processors Crusoe have an architecture VLIW (Very Long Instruction Word - very long command word), which is interesting fact that the processors, built on its basis, operate with the very long command word, into which are packed several simple independent commands. A question about is completely natural which the productivity of similar solution. It is low, with the clock frequency of 600 megahertz Transmeta Crusoe TM5600 let us compare on the productivity with Intel Pentium III, that works on 400 megahertz. Therefore these processors do not be suitable for office noutov.

Chipsety of noutbukov. The greatest number of collections of the microcircuits of framing for the mobile processors Pentium III and Celeron proposes company Intel. Until now appear noutbuki at the collection of microcircuits Intel 440mx-100, which is been further development of very old chipseta Intel 440MX, created on the basis of table i440BX. At present this chipset gradually it disappears from the scene and us it does not interest. Is somewhat more contemporary another it chipset for the the mobile Pentium-III and Celeron - Intel 81ЛM. Specifically, with its appearance integrated video became widespread on the mobile systems. To this several contributed the circumstance that videochip i752, build it this chipset, it was somewhat more productive than its basic rival ATI Mobility M1.

A the family of contemporary chipsetov Intel 830 it adapts most widely, since they ensure support to technology Enhanced SpeedStep and system tire 133 MHz. The collection of microcircuits Intel 830 has three versions. The first - Intel 830MP, not having built-in video and requiring external graphic adapter with tire AGP2X/4X. The second - chipset Intel 830M with the built-in graphic subsystem, however, remains the possibility to use external videochip. The third version - Intel 830MG with built-in video without the possibility to use an external graphic accelerator is intended for the segment of the inexpensive solutions of market mobile PK.

For creating the systems on the mobile processors Pentium 4 exist it chipset from Intel - Intel 845MP. it is very similar to DDR-cipset i845D for the table systems Pentium 4, has the lowered energy consumption and allows means for control im. It chipset are supported ya00-megagertsovuyu system tire and DDR- memory PC2100, and also the dynamic switching of the frequency of processor Enhanced SpeedStep and regime Deeper Sleep.

For platform Centrino are prepared two mobile chipseta. Intel 855PM Has the code name Oden and requires external graphic subsystem, while Intel 855GM - high(ly)-integrated solution with the code name Montara- gm - has the built-in graphic nucleus, specially developed taking into account the specific character of liquid-crystal matrices.

Company VIA Technologies also proposes the wide spectrum of chipsetov for noutbukov. Chipsety KN133T (for processors AMD) and PN133T (for processors Intel P -iii and Celeron) appeared as early as 2001. KN133T very widely adapts for creating the systems on processors AMD. Integrated graphic nucleus of both chipsetov is based on chip S3 Graphics Savage4, true, its productivity is small.

For the mobile systems on processor Pentium 4 this company let out it chipset PN266T, that supports ya00-megagertsovuyu system tire and DDR- memory PC2100. in its characteristics it is analogous Intel 845MP; however, somewhat is inferior to the latter in the productivity. DDR-cipset for processors Athlon KN266, in many respects similar with PN266T, special popularity does not thus far enjoy.

Their chipsety for the mobile computers propose also: company Silicon Integrated Systems (odnochipovye chipsety SiS630 and SiS730 two-chiphowl SiS650), ALi (M1651T Aladdin- about 5M, M1646 CyberMagik, M1644T CyberALADDiN- T, M1671 ALADDiN-P4M and other), and also ATI Technologies (Radeon IGP). By the way, company ATI designed its first system it chipset very recently. In Radeon IGP is build it sufficiently contemporary videochip Radeon 7000, and is also realized support DDR- memory PC2100. by the way, new chipset for integrated videopodsistemy it has its own energy-saving technology ATI PowerPlay, in many respects similar to SpeedStep and PowerNow!.

Accelerators 3d- graphs. Already two ago ATI Technologies felt itself on the market for the mobile of videouskoriteley sufficiently confidently. The rule of its mobile videochipov, which is of series ATI Rage LT Pro, ATI Rage Mobility, ATI Rage Mobility 128 and finally ATI Mobility M4, for the first time ensured support AGP 4x on the mobile platform, made it possible to propose to market practically entire spectrum of the demanded solutions. Itself of that without knowing, energetically moving 3d- possibilities of its last developments, ATI Technologies prepared soil for the arrival for the market of the mobile resolutions of firm nVidia. During November 2000 company nVidia announced its first chip for the mobile applications - GeForce2 Go. Serious competitive activity began from this point on, between these companies.

Chip in nVidia actually came out outstanding. And this is not surprising, since it is undertaken already well recommended itself by that time on market GeForce2 MX. in its time nVidia it did not fail to mention basis GeForce2 Go that GeForce2 Go it became first mobile GPU, i.e., by mobile graphic processor with the support to apparatus geometry.

A so had long ago been not appeared new microcircuits from Nvidia - GeForce4 440 go and 420 go. Obviously (even on the name), that they are created on basis of GPU for the table systems GeForce 4MX. they are distinguished the mobile microcircuits between themselves, first of all, by the type of the memory used: GeForce4 440 go is used 128- discharge DDR, while GeForce4 420 go - 64- discharge DDR or 128- discharge SDR.

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