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Kolben - in German mean piston. Dada, in two halls, that next to the room of the reception of visitors in the shtutgartskom office of firm MAHLE, is located the museum of pistons only in the world! After the glass shop windows - about thousand of pistons of different years, beginning from the plain detail of the historical gas motor of Otto -Langena and ending with the enormous pistons of ship diesels. It is it's a pity only, which to take out exhibits from under the shop windows is cannot, and through the glass- photographs are obtained badly...
V 1910 to one horsepower of racing motor it was necessary 90 grams of the weight of piston. In 1980 - 3 grams. How this is important? The easier the pistons - the less their moments of inertia and wear, the higher the maximum revolutions and the power of engine. The more durable - the better enormous mechanical and thermal loads in the combustion chamber are maintained. Than it is simpler in the production - those cheaper.

First successful experiments with the pistons from the light alloy were carry ouied with the aircraft engines not long before the First World War. But then engineers undertook sport automobile motors. True, many experts then did count this idea of delirious - as, it is said, can light aluminum alloy with the melting point 600o maintain the two-thousanddegree heat of incandescent gases? Piston simply will melt! However, they were not melted: the temperature in hottest zone of bottom rarely exceeds 350o. And in 1914 in the motors of three racing automobiles Mercedes, which won boundary in France, already stood the pistons, made from the aluminum alloy.
Engineer Khel'mut Hirt, who had Kannshtadte small workshop in Stuttgart's suburb, it was one of few in Germany, who dealt then with light-alloy casting for the automobile motors. But the December day of 1920, when to Hirt was hired by the commercial agent someone Khermann To male, is considered the birthday of firm MAHLE.

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